ABSTRACT
Low back pain (LBP) is a commonly encountered complaint in clinical practice with a significant economic burden to the society. The objective of study was to evaluate the changes seen on MRI in patients with low back pain due to various non-traumatic causes and to distinguish various causes of low back pain with level of spinal involvement. Methods: This descriptive observational study was carried from October 2015 to October 2017 in 106 patients with low back pain who underwent MRI of the lower spine at Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Chalmeda AnandRao institute of Medical sciences. Patients who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were included in the study. Results: More than 40% of patients (n=43; 40.57%) were in the age group of 41 to 60 years (Figure 24). There were 29 patients in the age group of 21 to 40 years (27.36%), followed by age group of > 60 years (n =21; 19.8%) and least patients were in the age group of <20 years (n =13; 12.26%. Conclusions: We concluded that 106 patients, degenerative changes were the commonest cause for low back pain followed by infective and neoplastic etiologies. The ability of MRI to detect morphological abnormalities, extent of lesion and nerve root compression all help in complete evaluation of low back pain.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dengue fever is one of the most prevalent and fastest spreading mosquito borne arboviral infection, occurring in tropical and subtropical regions. They are single stranded RNA viruses and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. There are four serotypes of dengue virus DENV 1, DENV2, DENV3, DENV 4. Following an infection lifelong immunity develops against the respective serotype. The clinical spectrum of dengue infection varies from undifferentiated fever, Classical Dengue fever, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Dengue shock syndrome, Expanded dengue syndrome. Continuous surveillance of dengue fever is important for the proper and timely institution of vector control measures. Aim: The aim of present study was to evaluate the thrombocytopenia with prevalence of dengue infection along with seasonal variation. Materials and methods: The present study was a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Hematology, at Chalmeda Anand Rao Hospital, Karimnagar during the period from 2015 June to 2016 May. Blood samples were collected from 4047 patients presented with acute febrile illness clinically consistent with Dengue infection. Serological confirmation of dengue infection was done using “Rapid Visual test kit” for detection of NS1 antigen and differential detection of IgM and IgG. Platelet count was done on “Automatic cell counter XN1000” which was correlated with manual platelet count in all the serologically positive cases. Results: Out of 4047 suspected cases, 1505 cases were confirmed as serologically positive for dengue infection. Out of 1505cases, 742 samples were positive for only NS1, 70 were positive for only IgM, 361 were positive for only IgG, remaining 332 were positive for more than one serological markers (NS1, IgM, IgG). A majority, 655 (43.52%) of the dengue cases were noted in the age group of 15-30 years, followed by less than 15 years of age. Among the dengue cases, 61.8% were males and 38.2% Vidyadhara Rani P, Naveen Kumar S. Evaluation of thrombocytopenia in dengue infection along with seasonal variation. IAIM, 2018; 5(2): 57-63. Page 58 were females. A significantly higher number of serologically positive cases 1342 (89.2%) were noted in the post monsoon period. Conclusion: Incidence of dengue infection was higher in monsoon and post monsoon period. Thrombocytopenia provide high suspicion of dengue infection, which could be life threatening. Platelet count is an important predictive and recovery parameter of dengue infection.
ABSTRACT
Background: Thyroid ultrasound has undergone a dramatic transformation from the cryptic deflections on an oscilloscope produced in A-mode scanning, to barely recognizable B-mode images, followed by initial low resolution gray scale, and now modern high resolution images. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of ultrasonography (USG) and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in thyroid swellings, compare the ultrasonographic findings with multi-detector computed tomographic findings and to correlate the radiological findings with histopathological examination (HPE). Materials and methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Radiology, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally. In this study, 50 patients with thyroid gland swellings diagnosed clinically, referred to Radiology Department were selected during the period from October 2008 to September 2010. Histopathological examination was acquired in 35 cases. The study was carried out to observe the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of USG and MDCT in thyroid gland swellings. Results: Maximum number of patients belonged to the age group of 21-40 years that was 27 cases (54.00%) and maximum number of patients were females – 41 cases (82.00%). Most common diagnosis was multi-nodular goitre on USG-16 cases (32.00%) and MDCT- 14 cases (28.00%), solitary thyroid nodule is common in the right lobe of thyroid by USG -5 cases (62.50%) and MDCT5 cases (62.50%). Most common malignancy was papillary carcinoma of thyroid -5 cases (62.50%) and most common inflammatory disorder was hashimoto’s thyroiditis -5 cases (10.00%). Naveen Kumar S, Vidyadhara Rani P. Ultrasonography (USG) and multi-detector computerized tomography (MDCT) evaluation of thyroid swellings. IAIM, 2017; 4(9): 145-155. Page 146 Conclusion: The present study has concluded that USG is the fast and cost-effective modality of imaging investigation of choice in thyroid diseases and for differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. MDCT is superior to ultrasound in evaluating retrosternal extension, relations and infiltrations in large lesions. It is also very helpful in evaluating extra-capsular, mediastinal, vascular invasion, lymph nodal involvement and metastasis. MDCT is very crucial in preoperative planning in malignancies of thyroid and large benign lesions.